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Madagascar · Quality of life

Human development, happiness, safety, access and environment.

14 indicators · 12 with data

Composite

HDI

index (0–1)

183rd of 193 · 39th in Sub-Saharan Africa
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HDIMadagascar's hdi rose from 0.4 in 1999 to 0.5 in 2023.200020052010201520200.420.440.460.480.500.520.5

Madagascar's hdi rose from 0.4 in 1999 to 0.5 in 2023.

Wellbeing

Life satisfaction

score (0–10)

131st of 146 · 26th in Sub-Saharan Africa
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Life satisfactionMadagascar's life satisfaction fell from 4.3 in 2011 to 4.2 in 2025.20122014201620182020202220243.63.844.24.44.2

Madagascar's life satisfaction fell from 4.3 in 2011 to 4.2 in 2025.

Longevity

Life expectancy

years

196th of 217 · 28th in Sub-Saharan Africa
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Life expectancyMadagascar's life expectancy rose from 54.8 yrs in 1995 to 63.8 yrs in 2024.1995200020052010201520205456586062646663.8 yrs

Madagascar's life expectancy rose from 54.8 yrs in 1995 to 63.8 yrs in 2024.

Healthy life expectancy at birth

years

156th of 185 · 22nd in Sub-Saharan Africa
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Healthy life expectancy at birthMadagascar's healthy life expectancy at birth rose from 51.3 yrs in 2000 to 55.1 yrs in 2021.2000200520102015202052545655.1 yrs

Madagascar's healthy life expectancy at birth rose from 51.3 yrs in 2000 to 55.1 yrs in 2021.

Inequality

Gini index

index (0 = perfect equality, 100 = perfect inequality)

56th of 81 · 8th in Sub-Saharan Africa*
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Gini indexMadagascar's gini index fell from 46.8 in 1980 to 36.8 in 2021.1980199020002010202040455036.8

Madagascar's gini index fell from 46.8 in 1980 to 36.8 in 2021.

Air

Air pollution (PM2.5)

micrograms per m³

62nd of 200 · 3rd in Sub-Saharan Africa
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Air pollution (PM2.5)Madagascar's air pollution (pm2.5) rose from 10.3 in 1994 to 12.4 in 2023.1995200020052010201520208101214161812.4

Madagascar's air pollution (pm2.5) rose from 10.3 in 1994 to 12.4 in 2023.

Access

Safe drinking water

% of population

134th of 148 · 16th in Sub-Saharan Africa
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Safe drinking waterMadagascar's safe drinking water rose from 7.3 % in 2000 to 22.1 % in 2024.200020052010201520200%5%10%15%20%25%22.1 %

Madagascar's safe drinking water rose from 7.3 % in 2000 to 22.1 % in 2024.

Access to electricity (% of population)

% of population

204th of 215 · 37th in Sub-Saharan Africa
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Access to electricity (% of population)Madagascar's access to electricity (% of population) rose from 11.0 % in 1995 to 42.5 % in 2024.1995200020052010201520200%10%20%30%40%50%42.5 %

Madagascar's access to electricity (% of population) rose from 11.0 % in 1995 to 42.5 % in 2024.

Adoption

Internet users

% of population

175th of 182 · 39th in Sub-Saharan Africa
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Internet usersMadagascar's internet users rose from 0.0 % in 1990 to 18.7 % in 2024.19901995200020052010201520200%5%10%15%20%18.7 %

Madagascar's internet users rose from 0.0 % in 1990 to 18.7 % in 2024.

Attainment

Expected years of schooling

years

179th of 195 · 36th in Sub-Saharan Africa
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Expected years of schoolingMadagascar's expected years of schooling rose from 6.8 yrs in 1994 to 9.1 yrs in 2023.199520002005201020152020678910119.1 yrs

Madagascar's expected years of schooling rose from 6.8 yrs in 1994 to 9.1 yrs in 2023.

Unemployment

Unemployment

% of labour force

43rd of 185 · 14th in Sub-Saharan Africa
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UnemploymentMadagascar's unemployment fell from 6.1 % in 1996 to 3.0 % in 2025.2000200520102015202020250%2%4%6%3.0 %

Madagascar's unemployment fell from 6.1 % in 1996 to 3.0 % in 2025.

Gender

Women in parliament

% of seats

149th of 184 · 38th in Sub-Saharan Africa
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Women in parliamentMadagascar's women in parliament rose from 3.7 % in 1997 to 14.1 % in 2025.2000200520102015202020250%5%10%15%20%25%14.1 %

Madagascar's women in parliament rose from 3.7 % in 1997 to 14.1 % in 2025.

›No data available (2)

These indicators exist in the registry but no source reports a value for Madagascar.

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