Estonia's population fell from 1.42M in 1996 to 1.37M in 2025.
Estonia · Population & demographics
Size, growth, ages, births, deaths, urbanisation and migration.
23 indicators · 23 with data
Estonia's population growth rose from -1.5 % in 1996 to -0.4 % in 2025.
Estonia's population density fell from 34.5 in 1994 to 32.1 in 2023.
Estonia's population, female (% of total) fell from 53.5 % in 1996 to 52.4 % in 2025.
Estonia's urbanisation rose from 68.4 % in 1996 to 70.7 % in 2025.
Estonia's urban population fell from 968,940 in 1996 to 966,383 in 2025.
Estonia's rural population fell from 446,654 in 1996 to 400,092 in 2025.
Latest values — expand for the charts.
- Fertilitydown −9.9 %200th of 217
- Birth rate, crudedown −11.3 %201st of 217
- Death rate, crudedown −1.7 %22nd of 217
- Adolescent fertility ratedown −7.0 %30th of 217
Latest values — expand for the charts.
- Median ageup +0.3 yrs32nd of 216
- Children (0–14)down −0.4 pts175th of 217
- Working age (15–64)down −0.1 pts138th of 217
- Seniors (65+)up +0.5 pts21st of 217
- Age dependency ratioup +0.3 pts80th of 217
- Old-age dependency ratioup +0.9 pts21st of 217
Latest values — expand for the charts.
- Net migrationdown −72.4 %161st of 217
- Migrant stockdown −0.1 pts57th of 216
Latest values — expand for the charts.
- Refugees hostedup +0.6 %68th of 178
Latest values — expand for the charts.
- Life expectancyup +0.5 yrs56th of 217
- Life expectancy at birth, femaleup +0.4 yrs40th of 217
- Life expectancy at birth, maleup +0.6 yrs72nd of 217