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Eswatini · Environment

Forests, air quality, land, water and protected areas.

10 indicators · 10 with data

Land

Forest cover

% of land area

111th of 213 · 19th in Sub-Saharan Africa
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Forest coverEswatini's forest cover rose from 27.1 % in 1994 to 29.1 % in 2023.19952000200520102015202027%28%29%29.1 %

Eswatini's forest cover rose from 27.1 % in 1994 to 29.1 % in 2023.

Forest area

km²

140th of 213 · 38th in Sub-Saharan Africa
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Forest areaEswatini's forest area rose from 4,660 km in 1994 to 5,012 km in 2023.1995200020052010201520204,6004,7004,8004,9005,0005,1005,012 km

Eswatini's forest area rose from 4,660 km in 1994 to 5,012 km in 2023.

Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area)

% of land area

186th of 213 · 43rd in Sub-Saharan Africa
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Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area)Eswatini's terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) rose from 3.0 % in 2013 to 4.2 % in 2025.2014201620182020202220243%3%4%4%5%4.2 %

Eswatini's terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) rose from 3.0 % in 2013 to 4.2 % in 2025.

Agricultural land (% of land area)

% of land area

24th of 209 · 13th in Sub-Saharan Africa
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Agricultural land (% of land area)Eswatini's agricultural land (% of land area) fell from 71.0 % in 1994 to 69.5 % in 2023.19952000200520102015202069%70%70%71%71%72%69.5 %

Eswatini's agricultural land (% of land area) fell from 71.0 % in 1994 to 69.5 % in 2023.

Arable land (% of land area)

% of land area

101st of 206 · 27th in Sub-Saharan Africa
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Arable land (% of land area)Eswatini's arable land (% of land area) fell from 10.3 % in 1994 to 10.3 % in 2023.19952000200520102015202010%10%10%10%10%10.3 %

Eswatini's arable land (% of land area) fell from 10.3 % in 1994 to 10.3 % in 2023.

Air

Air pollution (PM2.5)

micrograms per m³

98th of 200 · 11th in Sub-Saharan Africa
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Air pollution (PM2.5)Eswatini's air pollution (pm2.5) fell from 19.9 in 1994 to 16.7 in 2023.199520002005201020152020141618202216.7

Eswatini's air pollution (pm2.5) fell from 19.9 in 1994 to 16.7 in 2023.

Water

Water stress

% of internal resources

140th of 175 · 41st in Sub-Saharan Africa
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Water stressEswatini's water stress rose from 34.4 % in 1993 to 40.5 % in 2022.19952000200520102015202034%36%38%40%40.5 %

Eswatini's water stress rose from 34.4 % in 1993 to 40.5 % in 2022.

Renewable internal freshwater resources per capita

cubic metres per person

102nd of 181 · 21st in Sub-Saharan Africa
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Renewable internal freshwater resources per capitaEswatini's renewable internal freshwater resources per capita fell from 2,718 in 1993 to 2,166 in 2022.1995200020052010201520202,2002,4002,6002,8002,166

Eswatini's renewable internal freshwater resources per capita fell from 2,718 in 1993 to 2,166 in 2022.

Access

Safe drinking water

% of population

119th of 148 · 6th in Sub-Saharan Africa
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Safe drinking waterEswatini's safe drinking water rose from 27.4 % in 2000 to 38.2 % in 2024.2000200520102015202030%35%40%38.2 %

Eswatini's safe drinking water rose from 27.4 % in 2000 to 38.2 % in 2024.

Safe sanitation

% of population

72nd of 141 · 2nd in Sub-Saharan Africa
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Safe sanitationEswatini's safe sanitation rose from 45.0 % in 2000 to 60.8 % in 2024.2000200520102015202040%45%50%55%60%65%60.8 %

Eswatini's safe sanitation rose from 45.0 % in 2000 to 60.8 % in 2024.

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